Tobias Smollett lived from 1721 to 1771. He was a Scottish novelist, poet and physician who made significant contributions to eighteenth-century literature. Known for his realistic portrayals of society and his biting satirical wit, Smollett's works have left a lasting impact on the literary world.

Born in Scotland, Smollett studied medicine in Glasgow before embarking on a career as a naval surgeon. His experiences at sea influenced his writing, and he drew upon them to create vivid and authentic descriptions of maritime life in his novels.

Smollett's literary career took off with the publication of his first novel, The Adventures of Roderick Random (1748). The picaresque novel follows the exploits of its eponymous protagonist as he navigates the challenges and absurdities of eighteenth-century society. It established Smollett as a skilled satirist and marked the beginning of a successful writing career.

His subsequent novels, including The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle (1751) and The Expedition of Humphry Clinker (1771), continued to showcase his sharp wit and keen observations of human behaviour. Smollett's characters often embody the vices and follies of society, allowing him to satirise various aspects of eighteenth-century life, such as vanity, social pretensions and the corrupting influence of wealth.

In addition to his novels, Smollett also wrote travel narratives and plays. His works demonstrated a deep understanding of human nature and social dynamics, and he was praised for his ability to capture the nuances of different characters and their interactions.

Smollett's writing style is characterised by its vivid descriptions, colourful language and fast-paced narrative. He wrote with a candid and often acerbic tone, challenging societal norms and exposing hypocrisy and injustice.

Despite his literary success, Smollett faced personal and financial challenges throughout his life. He battled with poor health, struggled with debts and faced criticism for his controversial political views. However, his impact on the literary world remained significant, and his works continue to be studied and appreciated for their wit, social commentary and realistic portrayals of eighteenth-century society.

Tobias Smollett's contributions to literature have secured his place as an influential figure in the development of the English novel. His works served as a precursor to later literary movements, such as realism and social satire and continue to be celebrated for their sharp insights into the human condition.